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Too often I assume I've read all I want about WWII and seen as many movies about it I can take: not that I suppose I've got the whole story; rather than it's all so horrible and so ugly and wrenching that I really need to find something nice and soothing, at least for a minute. But I never quite lose my own itch for noir and Bernie Gunther does sound as if he'll tickle me, despite street level despair.
1. I just don't buy Gunther as a character. He just doesn't hold together: he's a university-trained attorney from a well-placed family, who was initially a member of a very prestigious government department (if I remember, the Foreign Service?). It's very unlikely he would interpret his Weimar descent into becoming a police officer positively (he claims this in the books, but it doesn't really make sense), and becoming a private investigator would just about drive him crazy. He's not an American with our loose sense of class, he's a (previously) high-status German born and educated under the Wilhemine Reich (i.e. Gunther is precisely in the class of people who most supported the Nazi party).
2. Pretty clearly, the other characters don't understand Gunther precisely because he's so anomalous - his career just doesn't make sense. Unless he was a Communist (essentially an unbelievable thing for a high-ranking police officer to be), which he clearly isn't. He's not fond of the Weimar regime, either and, later in the series, is extremely skeptical of the post-war regime. Which makes it totally unclear why he does what he does - he's not proceeding on trying to survive, yet, he becomes a highly placed SS officer when he could have escaped at multiple previous points in his life. He seems to have no coherent or clear politics (remember, he has a doctorate in law, worked in the government, lived in a politics soaked time and seems to be extremely intelligent - he's not the lug from the lower classes that most American hard-boiled PIs are) yet he behaves as if he's heroic.
3. Noir in it's core is a Left critique of capitalist societies. I.E. they end badly (or at least not very positively) partially because capitalism is wrong. Kerr's four books generally show Gunther prospering though the course of the four books, even though Gunther is a relatively honest and just character living in literally the worst regime ever in noir's eyes (he continually gets promoted, he survives the war and becomes a hotel operator by the fourth book).
Yes, I believe it's in the first book where Gunther mentions that he has a law degree. Law degrees were (and are) very common in Germany and continental Europe as preparations for many careers - Proust and Kafka both had them, for example.